Literature

Scientific literature on intraoperative pan-cytokeratin staining on frozen sections (updated 04/2009):

Krishnamurthy S et al. Cancer 2009 Apr;115:1555-1562

“Frozen section analysis plus rapid cytokeratin immunostaining have a role in the intraoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes.”
Holm M. et al. The Breast 2008 Aug (17;4:372-375)

“In conclusion, intraoperative IHC staining of the SNB lowered the late positive rate and gave an overall cost saving.”
Choi YJ et al. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2006 Aug;36(8):489-93

Evaluated 178 cases
Conclusion: “Ultrarapid IHC enhances intraoperative detection of sentinel node micrometastases”
Johnston E et al. Applied Immuno Mol Morphol 2006 Mar;14(1):57-62

Conclusion: “Rapid IHC improves sensitivity than when using intraoperative H & E alone”
Lee IK et al. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006 May;32(4):405-9 2

Research reported that rapid IHC was able to point out 7 metastases out of 90 lymph node samples which were not distinguished by routine staining. All the metastases were confirmed by FFPE cross section PAD-study.
Leikola J et al. Cancer 2005 Jul 1;104(1):14-9

Extensive study (995 patients) with Cytonel kit (former model of Cytonel Plus) showed rapid IHC to be effective and helping to point out more easily lobular breast cancer metastases.
Nährig J et al. Breast J. 2003 Jul-Aug;9(4):277-81

“Ultrarapid IHC was a very sensitive and rapid technique for the intraoperative detection of metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes”